Ringkasan Bahasa Inggris

BAHASA INGGRIS

Beberapa ringkasan penjelasan dan contoh dari pengertiaan dibawah ini yang mudah untuk dipahami, yaitu :

A.      Conditional Sentence

Conditional sentence adalah complex sentence (kalimat majemuk) yang dibentuk dari subordinate clause (dependent clause) yang diawali dengan subordinate conjunction if berupa condition (syarat) dan main clause (independent clause) berupa result/consequence (hasil).

Ada 4 tipe conditional sentence yang biasa digunakan, yaitu: tipe 1, tipe 2, tipe 3, dan tipe 0. Condition pada conditional sentence tipe 1 mungkin dipenuhi, tipe 2 tidak atau hampir tidak mungkin dipenuhi, tipe 3 tidak mungkin dipenuhi (unreal), sedangkan tipe 0 selalu terwujud karena merupakan scientific fact/kebenaran ilmiah.

Rumus Conditional Sentence berbagai tipeType                Rumus Conditional Sentence

Type	Rumus Conditional Sentence
0	if + simple present, simple present
1	if + simple present, will + bare infinitive
2	if + simple past, would/could/might + bare infinitive
3	if + past perfect, would/should/could/might have + past participle

Contoh Conditional Sentence :

Berikut contoh conditional sentence pada berbagai tipe sesuai dengan rumus di atas.

Type	Contoh Conditional Sentence
0	If we burn paper, it becomes ash.  (Jika kita membakar kertas, itu menjadi abu.)
1	If I meet him, I will introduce myself.  (Jika saya bertemu dia, saya akan memperkenalkan diri.)
2	If it rained tomorrow, I would sleep all day.  (Jika besok hujan, saya akan tidur sepanjang hari.)
3	If you had remembered to invite me, I would have attended your party.  (Jika kamu ingat mengundang saya, saya akan hadir di pestamu.)

B.      Adjective dan Adverb

Sebagian adverb (kata keterangan) merupakan gabungan dari adjective (kata sifat) dengan suffix (akhiran) -ly. Dua part of speech ini dengan formulasi tertentu dapat digabungkan untuk membentuk suatu phrase (frasa).

Contoh Rumus Adjective dan Adverb

Rumus adjective dan adverb serta beberapa contoh kata dan kalimatnya adalah sebagai berikut.

Rumus Adjective dan Adverb	Contoh Kata/ Frasa	Contoh Kalimat
Adverb = adjective + ly; kecuali: elderly, friendly, lively, lonely, lovely, silly	accurately, badly, hardly, quickly, separately	My mother got up early and cooked breakfast quickly. (Ibuku bangun pagi dan memasak sarapan dengan cepat.)
adverb + adverb + adjective	much more better, much more harder	She’s much more better in debating than you. (Dia jauh lebih baik dalam berdebat dibanding kamu.)
adverb + adjective	totally easy, very kind,extremely dilligent	The book is totally easy to understand even for children. (Buku tersebut sangat mudah untuk dimengerti untuk anak-anak sekalipun.)

C.      Linking verb

Linking verb adalah kata kerja yang menghubungkan subject dengan informasi atau deskripsi tentang subject tersebut (subject complement — berupa noun, adjective, atau adverb). Berbeda dengan main verb yang dapat menunjukkan aksi/tindakan, kata ini hanya sebagai penghubung. Dengan demikian kata kerja ini selalu intransitive karena tidak ada direct object yang menerima aksi.

Linking verbs terdiri dari: verb of sensation (feel, look, smell, sound, taste) dan verb of being (act, appear, be, become, continue, grow, prove, remain, seem, dan turn).

Linking Verb Be

Linking verbs be antara lain: is, am, are, was, were, dan be. Dengan is, am, dan are digunakan pada present tense, was dan were pada past tense, be pada present subjunctive & imperative, dan were pada past subjunctive.

Selain digunakan sebagai linking verb, “be” digunakan pula sebagai auxilliary verb. Bedanya, Auxiliary ”be” diikuti verb (participle).

Contoh Kalimat dengan Be:

·         The cat is funny. (linking verb, diikuti subject complement)

·         The man is sitting on the plane. (auxilliary, diikuti participle)

Sumber :

http://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-rumus-dan-contoh-kalimat-if-conditional-sentence-type-0-1-2-3

http://www.wordsmile.com/adjective-dan-adverb

Tugas Materi Softskill Bulan 2

Exercise 33 Because / Because of Hal. 121

 1. because

 2. because

 3. because of

 4. because

 5. because of

 6. because of

 7. because of

 8. because

 9. because

 10. because of

Exercise 34 so/ such Hal. 124

 1. so

 2. such

 3. so

 4. such

 5. so

 6. so

 7. such

 8. so

 9. such

 10. such

 11. so

 12. so

 13. such

 14. so

 15. so

Sentence Connectors and Sentences - Showing Cause / EffectSentence Connectors and Sentences - Showing Cause / Effect

Sentence connectors are words and phrases that connect sentences to help with understanding. Sentence connectors are also known as linking language. This linking language can be used to order what you have to say, show opposition, provide clarification and so on. In many grammar books, you will find information about sentence connectors when reading about subordinating conjunctions, coordinating conjunctions and so on.

 Once you have mastered the basics of correct usage in written English, you will want to express yourself in increasingly complex ways. One of the best ways to improve your writing style is to use sentence connectors. Sentence connectors are used to express relationships between ideas and to combine sentences. The use of these connectors will add sophistication to your writing style.

                       

Type of Connector	Connector(s)	Examples
Coordinating conjuctions	for (cause), so (effect)	Professionals can sometimes be extremely impatient, for their positions are at times rather stressful.
Subordinating conjunctions	because, since	Since high level positions are at times rather stressful, professionals can sometimes be extremely impatient.
Conjunctive adverbs	therefore, as a result, consequently	High level positions are at times rather stressful; therefore, professionals can sometimes be extremely impatient.
Prepositions	because of, due to, as a result of	Due to the stressful nature of high level positions, professionals can sometimes be extremely impatient.

           

Cause and Effect (So, Such)

Cause and effect relationships are constructed using the following formula.

subject + verb + so + adjective adverb + that + subject + verb

He was so hungry that he ate the entire pizza.

The hill was so steep that Mario couldn’t climb it.

John needed money so badly that he sold his baseball card collection.

The children are playing so intently that they don’t notice it’s raining.

That fire is so hot that it could easily burn you if you get too close.

Intensive modifiers are commonly added to provide extra emphasis. Study the following rules for using intensive modifiers with plural count and non-count nouns.

subject + verb + so +

many/ few

+ plural count noun + that + subject + verb

Eric had so many puppies that he gave some away to friends.

My aunt’s health food store had so few customers that she had to close it.

subject + verb + so +

much/ little

+ non-count noun + that + subject + verb

She put so much sugar in her coffee that she couldn’t drink it.

Jason spent [u]so[/u] little time on the project that it wasn’t ready for the meeting.

Other forms which are commonly used are such a and such that.

subject + verb + such + a + adjective + singular count noun + that. . .

Ricky had such a bad attitude that he was expelled from school.

Charlotte was such an intelligent student that she was offered a valuable scholarship.

subject + verb such + adjective + plural count noun + that + subject + verb

Tommy has such outstanding skills that he could play professional baseball.

plural count noun

The referees made such bad calls that the fans were very angry.

plural count noun

She had such tarnished silver that she was embarrassed to use it for the reunion.

non-count noun

The burning building had such thick smoke that the firemen had difficulty seeing.

non-count noun

Sumber :

http://gmatclub.com/forum/gmat-grammar-book-modal-auxiliary-verbs-100606.html

http://esl.about.com/od/writingadvanced/a/wc_addition.htm